CNA to LPN Programs: Advantages, Admission Requirements, Cost, and Scope
Maria Delgado, RN
August 21, 2025
Difference Between CNA and LPN
Although both CNAs and LPNs provide patient care, their responsibilities and scope of practice differ. CNAs focus on assisting patients with daily activities, such as hygiene, feeding, and mobility, under the supervision of nurses. LPNs, on the other hand, handle more advanced medical duties, including administering medications, monitoring patient progress, and assisting with medical procedures, often under the direction of RNs or physicians. Training also differs: CNA programs are shorter, often weeks in length, while LPN programs usually take one to two years. The differences extend to pay, responsibility, and opportunities for career advancement.
How to Become an LPN When You Are a CNA?
CNAs who want to advance to an LPN role benefit from their prior experience in patient care. The transition typically requires completing a state-approved LPN program, which may take about one year for a certificate or up to two years for an associate degree. The program covers more advanced topics like medication administration, wound care, and patient assessment. Most states also require passing the NCLEX-PN exam for licensure. Having CNA experience gives candidates an advantage because they are already familiar with medical environments, terminology, and direct patient interaction.
Comparison of Annual Salaries of CNAs and LPNs
While salaries vary by state, employer, and experience level, LPNs generally earn significantly more than CNAs. The additional training and licensure requirements directly reflect in higher pay and broader job opportunities.
| Role | Average Annual Salary (U.S.) | Typical Range |
|---|---|---|
| CNA | $30,000 | $28,000 – $35,000 |
| LPN | $55,000 | $48,000 – $62,000 |
CNA to LPN Program Advantages
Making the transition from CNA to LPN offers several benefits:
- Higher Salary: LPNs earn nearly double what CNAs make in many states.
- Stronger Knowledge Base: Programs cover advanced medical topics, preparing students for more complex care.
- Career Growth: Becoming an LPN opens the door to RN and BSN programs.
- Job Satisfaction: LPNs often have more autonomy, varied responsibilities, and opportunities to specialize in areas like pediatrics, geriatrics, or surgical nursing.
Admission Requirements
- Requirements vary by state and school but usually include proof of CNA certification, a high school diploma or GED, and official transcripts. Applicants are often required to demonstrate a minimum GPA, provide references, and show work history in healthcare. Some programs may require background checks, drug screenings, and entrance exams such as the TEAS test. Meeting these criteria ensures that students are academically prepared.
How Much Does It Cost?
- The cost of a CNA to LPN program depends on the school and program type. Tuition may range from $4,000 to $15,000, with additional expenses for textbooks, uniforms, lab fees, and testing. Public community colleges often provide more affordable options than private institutions. Financial aid, scholarships, and employer tuition assistance programs can help reduce out-of-pocket expenses, making the pathway more accessible for working CNAs.
Duration of the Program
- Most CNA to LPN programs last between 12 and 18 months, though associate degree programs may extend to two years. The length of study depends on whether the student attends full-time or part-time, as well as whether prior CNA credits are accepted. Training is usually divided into classroom learning, laboratory practice, and clinical rotations, ensuring students gain both theoretical knowledge and hands-on nursing experience.
Online CNA to LPN Programs
Online programs offer a flexible option for working CNAs. Coursework such as anatomy, pharmacology, and nursing fundamentals can often be completed online, while clinical training must be completed in person at approved healthcare facilities. Online formats save commuting time and allow students to study at their own pace. However, it is important to ensure the program is accredited and state-approved so graduates are eligible to sit for the NCLEX-PN.
Course Curriculum
A typical CNA to LPN curriculum includes:
Medical Administration: Dosage calculations and safe medication delivery.
Health Assessment: Patient evaluations and history-taking.
Pathophysiology: Understanding disease processes.
Gerontology: Care for aging populations.
Clinical Skills Lab: Practice with equipment, procedures, and patient care.
Communication in Nursing: Professional interaction with patients, families, and healthcare teams.
Career Scope After Being an LPN
After earning LPN licensure, nurses can work in hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, long-term care facilities, and private practices. LPNs may specialize in areas like pediatrics, maternity, or geriatrics, and many choose to continue their education through RN or BSN programs. The role offers strong job security, competitive pay, and opportunities to grow into leadership or advanced practice roles. For many, becoming an LPN is not only a rewarding career in itself but also a gateway to higher levels of nursing.